a noun - is a name . It is stands for anthing we are speking about . It includes a person , a place , an action , a concept and a quality.
a noun can be modified by an article or an adjective and can be replaced by a pronoun ...
a proper noun is the name of a particular person , place , or thing . It must be begun with capital letter.
* plural noun *
1) Add "s" to most nouns to form the plural
example ....
book = books
cat = cats
house = houses
youth = youths
2) add "es" to a noun ending in s, sh, ch, x, z
example:
bus = buses
dish = dishes
church = churches
fox = foxes
adz = adzes
3) add " es " to some singular nouns ending in " o "
example
hero = heroes
tomato = tomatoes
4) some nouns ending in "f" change the f to v and only add " s "
example
knife = knives
wife = wives
5) some nouns ending in "f" changes the f to v and adds only "es" to make the plural .
example
calf = calves
half = halves
6) singular nouns ending in "Y" preceded by a consonat letter change the y into "i" and add es to form the plural .
city = cities
story = stories
7) if the "y" is preceded by a vowel letter add only "s" to form the plural .
boy = boys
key = keys
some words do not change in the plural
fish
deer
sheep
species
salmon
9) some words have internal change to form the plural
man = men
tooth = teeth
mouse = mice
10) add "S" to the main word in the compound noun
brother-in-law = brothers -in - law
commander-in-cheif = commanders-in-cheif